Newer is not always better: Rethinking transferability metrics, their peculiarities, stability and performance

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2110.06893v3
• Date: Fri, 26 May 2023 15:45:37 GMT
• Title: Newer is not always better: Rethinking transferability metrics, their peculiarities, stability and performance
• Authors: Shibal Ibrahim, Natalia Ponomareva, Rahul Mazumder
• Abstract summary: Fine-tuning of large pre-trained image and language models on small customized datasets has become increasingly popular. We show that the statistical problems with covariance estimation drive the poor performance of H-score. We propose a correction and recommend measuring correlation performance against relative accuracy in such settings.
• Score: 5.650647159993238
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Fine-tuning of large pre-trained image and language models on small customized datasets has become increasingly popular for improved prediction and efficient use of limited resources. Fine-tuning requires identification of best models to transfer-learn from and quantifying transferability prevents expensive re-training on all of the candidate models/tasks pairs. In this paper, we show that the statistical problems with covariance estimation drive the poor performance of H-score -- a common baseline for newer metrics -- and propose shrinkage-based estimator. This results in up to 80% absolute gain in H-score correlation performance, making it competitive with the state-of-the-art LogME measure. Our shrinkage-based H-score is $3\times$-10$\times$ faster to compute compared to LogME. Additionally, we look into a less common setting of target (as opposed to source) task selection. We demonstrate previously overlooked problems in such settings with different number of labels, class-imbalance ratios etc. for some recent metrics e.g., NCE, LEEP that resulted in them being misrepresented as leading measures. We propose a correction and recommend measuring correlation performance against relative accuracy in such settings. We support our findings with ~164,000 (fine-tuning trials) experiments on both vision models and graph neural networks.

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