Observation of Non-Hermitian Skin Effect and Topology in Ultracold Atoms

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2201.09478v2
• Date: Sun, 14 Aug 2022 02:05:46 GMT
• Title: Observation of Non-Hermitian Skin Effect and Topology in Ultracold Atoms
• Authors: Qian Liang and Dizhou Xie and Zhaoli Dong and Haowei Li and Hang Li and Bryce Gadway and Wei Yi and Bo Yan
• Abstract summary: The non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) underlies a variety of exotic properties that defy conventional wisdom. NHSE and its intriguing impact on band topology and dynamics have been observed in classical or photonic systems. We report the experimental realization of a dissipative Aharonov-Bohm chain in the momentum space of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate.
• Score: 7.71285795527128
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: The non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE), the accumulation of eigen wavefunctions at boundaries of open systems, underlies a variety of exotic properties that defy conventional wisdom. While NHSE and its intriguing impact on band topology and dynamics have been observed in classical or photonic systems, their demonstration in a quantum many-body setting remains elusive. Here we report the experimental realization of a dissipative Aharonov-Bohm chain -- a non-Hermitian topological model with NHSE -- in the momentum space of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate. We identify unique signatures of NHSE in the condensate dynamics, and perform Bragg spectroscopy to resolve topological edge states against a background of localized bulk states. Our work sets the stage for further investigation on the interplay of many-body statistics and interactions with NHSE, and is a significant step forward in the quantum control and simulation of non-Hermitian physics.

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