Self-Testing of a Single Quantum System: Theory and Experiment

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2203.09003v1
• Date: Thu, 17 Mar 2022 00:48:30 GMT
• Title: Self-Testing of a Single Quantum System: Theory and Experiment
• Authors: Xiao-Min Hu, Yi Xie, Atul Singh Arora, Ming-Zhong Ai, Kishor Bharti, Jie Zhang, Wei Wu, Ping-Xing Chen, Jin-Ming Cui, Bi-Heng Liu, Yun-Feng Huang, Chuan-Feng Li, Guang-Can Guo, J\'er\'emie Roland, Ad\'an Cabello, Leong-Chuan Kwek
• Abstract summary: We develop a robust self-testing protocol based on the simplest contextuality witness for the simplest contextual quantum system. We apply the method in an experiment with randomly chosen measurements on a single trapped $40rm Ca+$ and near-perfect detection efficiency. We quantify and report that deviations from our assumptions are minimal, an aspect previously overlooked by contextuality experiments.
• Score: 5.9385501903680815
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Certifying individual quantum devices with minimal assumptions is crucial for the development of quantum technologies. Here, we investigate how to leverage single-system contextuality to realize self-testing. We develop a robust self-testing protocol based on the simplest contextuality witness for the simplest contextual quantum system, the Klyachko-Can-Binicio\u{g}lu-Shumovsky (KCBS) inequality for the qutrit. We establish a lower bound on the fidelity of the state and the measurements (to an ideal configuration) as a function of the value of the witness under a pragmatic assumption on the measurements we call the KCBS orthogonality condition. We apply the method in an experiment with randomly chosen measurements on a single trapped $^{40}{\rm Ca}^+$ and near-perfect detection efficiency. The observed statistics allow us to self-test the system and provide the first experimental demonstration of quantum self-testing of a single system. Further, we quantify and report that deviations from our assumptions are minimal, an aspect previously overlooked by contextuality experiments.

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