Macroscopic quantum mechanics in gravitational-wave observatories and beyond

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2209.01840v1
• Date: Mon, 5 Sep 2022 08:55:32 GMT
• Title: Macroscopic quantum mechanics in gravitational-wave observatories and beyond
• Abstract summary: The existence of quantum correlations affects both microscopic and macroscopic systems. On macroscopic systems they are difficult to observe and usually irrelevant for the system's evolution due to the frequent energy exchange with the environment. The world-wide network of gravitational-wave (GW) observatories exploits optical as well as mechanical systems that are highly macroscopic and largely decoupled from the environment.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: The existence of quantum correlations affects both microscopic and macroscopic systems. On macroscopic systems they are difficult to observe and usually irrelevant for the system's evolution due to the frequent energy exchange with the environment. The world-wide network of gravitational-wave (GW) observatories exploits optical as well as mechanical systems that are highly macroscopic and largely decoupled from the environment. The quasi-monochromatic light fields in the kilometre-scale arm resonators have photon excitation numbers larger than $10^{19}$, and the mirrors that are quasi-free falling in propagation direction of the light fields have masses of around 40 kg. Recent observations on the GW observatories LIGO and Virgo clearly showed that the quantum uncertainty of one system affected the uncertainty of the other. Here, we review these observations and provide links to research goals targeted with mesoscopic optomechanical systems in other fields of fundamental physical research. These may have Gaussian quantum uncertainties as the ones in GW observatories or even non-Gaussian ones, such as Schr\"odinger cat states.

Related papers

• Astrophysical Graviton Squeezing Can Be Hidden in the Far-Field [0.820984376071696]
  We investigate the propagation dynamics of the squeezed states using spatial quantum optics methods.<n>We reveal a severe kinematic conflict in same-cone measurements, which highly suppresses local quantum coherence.<n>Our results demonstrate that global squeezing does not guarantee local observability, and the measurable quantum signatures may be significantly weaker than what would be expected from the overall squeezing parameter of the state.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2026-08-17T18:10:27Z)
• Quantum optomechanics of lossy bodies: general approach and structured squeezed vacuum effects [51.56484100374058]
  We investigate the overall optomechanical force experienced by a macroscopic lossy object in free space under external quantum illumination.<n>By driving the scattering field with an anisotropic, multimode squeezed vacuum state, the spatial profile of the electromagnetic quantum fluctuations can be engineered to exhibit broken rotational symmetry.<n>We establish a general formalism for macroscopic quantum optomechanics that operates beyond the constraints of thermal equilibrium.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2026-04-07T13:25:43Z)
• Quantum Effects on Cosmic Scales as an Alternative to Dark Matter and Dark Energy [5.577935944665]
  We develop the spin-torsion theory to examine spherically symmetric and static gravitational systems. We posit that the quantum spin of macroscopic matter becomes noteworthy at cosmic scales. A crucial aspect of our approach involves substituting the constant mass in the Dirac equation with a scale function.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-09-02T09:02:29Z)
• Long-lived entanglement of molecules in magic-wavelength optical tweezers [41.94295877935867]
  We present the first realisation of a microwave-driven entangling gate between two molecules. We show that the magic-wavelength trap preserves the entanglement, with no measurable decay over 0.5 s. The extension of precise quantum control to complex molecular systems will allow their additional degrees of freedom to be exploited across many domains of quantum science.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-08-27T09:28:56Z)
• Observation of anomalous classical-to-quantum transitions in many-body systems [0.0]
  We report on the experimental observation of anomalous classical-to-quantum transitions in open many-body optical systems. Our work can have important implications for other fields of physics ranging from condensed matter to nuclear physics.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-08-13T00:10:09Z)
• Enhanced Entanglement in the Measurement-Altered Quantum Ising Chain [46.99825956909532]
  Local quantum measurements do not simply disentangle degrees of freedom, but may actually strengthen the entanglement in the system. This paper explores how a finite density of local measurement modifies a given state's entanglement structure.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-10-04T09:51:00Z)
• Enhanced optomechanical interaction in the unbalanced interferometer [40.96261204117952]
  Quantum optomechanical systems enable the study of fundamental questions on quantum nature of massive objects. Here we propose a modification of the Michelson-Sagnac interferometer, which allows to boost the optomechanical coupling strength.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-05-11T14:24:34Z)
• Schr\"odinger cat states of a 16-microgram mechanical oscillator [54.35850218188371]
  The superposition principle is one of the most fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. Here we demonstrate the preparation of a mechanical resonator with an effective mass of 16.2 micrograms in Schr"odinger cat states of motion. We show control over the size and phase of the superposition and investigate the decoherence dynamics of these states.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-11-01T13:29:44Z)
• Mesoscopic and macroscopic quantum correlations in photonic, atomic and optomechanical systems [0.0]
  It was originally an open question as to whether (and how) such quantum correlations could occur on a macroscopic scale. We first review work relating to higher spin measurements which revealed that macroscopic quantum states could exhibit Bell correlations. We next review correlations for macroscopic superposition states, and examine predictions for the violation of Leggett-Garg inequalities for dynamical quantum systems.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-12-13T09:14:37Z)
• Spin Entanglement and Magnetic Competition via Long-range Interactions in Spinor Quantum Optical Lattices [62.997667081978825]
  We study the effects of cavity mediated long range magnetic interactions and optical lattices in ultracold matter. We find that global interactions modify the underlying magnetic character of the system while introducing competition scenarios. These allow new alternatives toward the design of robust mechanisms for quantum information purposes.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-11-16T08:03:44Z)
• Topological photon pairs in a superconducting quantum metamaterial [44.62475518267084]
  We use an array of superconducting qubits to engineer a nontrivial quantum metamaterial. By performing microwave spectroscopy of the fabricated array, we experimentally observe the spectrum of elementary excitations. We find not only the single-photon topological states but also the bands of exotic bound photon pairs arising due to the inherent anharmonicity of qubits.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-06-23T07:04:27Z)
• Phonon counting thermometry of an ultracoherent membrane resonator near its motional ground state [0.0]
  Generation of non-Gaussian quantum states of macroscopic mechanical objects is key to a number of challenges in quantum information science. Here we demonstrate a technique which allows for generation and detection of a quantum state of motion by phonon counting measurements. With an effective mass in the nanogram range, our system lends itself for studies of long-lived non-Gaussian motional states with some of the heaviest objects to date.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-05-28T17:43:17Z)
• Entanglement between Distant Macroscopic Mechanical and Spin Systems [0.0]
  Entanglement is a vital property of multipartite quantum systems. Generation of entanglement between macroscopic and disparate systems is an ongoing effort in quantum science.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-03-25T10:41:00Z)
• Quantum Hall phase emerging in an array of atoms interacting with photons [101.18253437732933]
  Topological quantum phases underpin many concepts of modern physics. Here, we reveal that the quantum Hall phase with topological edge states, spectral Landau levels and Hofstadter butterfly can emerge in a simple quantum system. Such systems, arrays of two-level atoms (qubits) coupled to light being described by the classical Dicke model, have recently been realized in experiments with cold atoms and superconducting qubits.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-03-18T14:56:39Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.