Entropy production in the mesoscopic-leads formulation of quantum thermodynamics

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2312.12513v2
• Date: Tue, 27 Aug 2024 21:18:43 GMT
• Title: Entropy production in the mesoscopic-leads formulation of quantum thermodynamics
• Authors: Artur M. Lacerda, Michael J. Kewming, Marlon Brenes, Conor Jackson, Stephen R. Clark, Mark T. Mitchison, John Goold,
• Abstract summary: entropy production of systems strongly coupled to thermal baths is a core problem of quantum thermodynamics and mesoscopic physics. Recently, the mesoscopic leads approach has emerged as a powerful method for studying such quantum systems strongly coupled to multiple thermal baths. We show numerically, that a system coupled to a single bath exhibits a thermal fixed point at the level of the embedding.
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• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Understanding the entropy production of systems strongly coupled to thermal baths is a core problem of both quantum thermodynamics and mesoscopic physics. While there exist many techniques to accurately study entropy production in such systems, they typically require a microscopic description of the baths, which can become numerically intractable to study for large systems. Alternatively an open-systems approach can be employed with all the nuances associated with various levels of approximation. Recently, the mesoscopic leads approach has emerged as a powerful method for studying such quantum systems strongly coupled to multiple thermal baths. In this method, a set of discretised lead modes, each locally damped, provide a Markovian embedding. Here we show that this method proves extremely useful to describe entropy production of a strongly coupled open quantum system. We show numerically, for both non-interacting and interacting setups, that a system coupled to a single bath exhibits a thermal fixed point at the level of the embedding. This allows us to use various results from the thermodynamics of quantum dynamical semi-groups to infer the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of the strongly coupled, non-Markovian central systems. In particular, we show that the entropy production in the transient regime recovers the well established microscopic definitions of entropy production with a correction that can be computed explicitly for both the single- and multiple-lead cases.

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