Loophole-free test of local realism via Hardy's violation
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2401.03505v1
- Date: Sun, 7 Jan 2024 14:54:19 GMT
- Title: Loophole-free test of local realism via Hardy's violation
- Authors: Si-Ran Zhao, Shuai Zhao, Hai-Hao Dong, Wen-Zhao Liu, Jing-Ling Chen,
Kai Chen, Qiang Zhang and Jian-Wei Pan
- Abstract summary: Hardy's paradox is celebrated to be the simplest form of Bell's theorem concerning its "All versus Nothing" way to test local realism.
Here, we experimentally demonstrate Hardy's nonlocality through a photonic entanglement source.
- Score: 14.739680143001086
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: Bell's theorem states that quantum mechanical description on physical
quantity cannot be fully explained by local realistic theories, and lays solid
basis for various quantum information applications. Hardy's paradox is
celebrated to be the simplest form of Bell's theorem concerning its "All versus
Nothing" way to test local realism. However, due to experimental imperfections,
existing tests of Hardy's paradox require additional assumptions of
experimental systems, which constitute potential loopholes for faithfully
testing local realistic theories. Here, we experimentally demonstrate Hardy's
nonlocality through a photonic entanglement source. By achieving a detection
efficiency of $82.2\%$, a quantum state fidelity of $99.10\%$ and applying high
speed quantum random number generators for measurement setting switching, the
experiment is implemented in a loophole-free manner. During $6$ hours of
running, a strong violation of $P_{\text{Hardy}}=4.646\times 10^{-4}$ up to $5$
standard deviations is observed with $4.32\times 10^{9}$ trials. A null
hypothesis test shows that the results can be explained by local realistic
theories with an upper bound probability of $10^{-16348}$. These testing
results present affirmative evidence against local realism, and provide an
advancing benchmark for quantum information applications based on Hardy's
paradox.
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