Leveraging Zero-Level Distillation to Generate High-Fidelity Magic States

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.09740v1
• Date: Mon, 15 Apr 2024 12:42:29 GMT
• Title: Leveraging Zero-Level Distillation to Generate High-Fidelity Magic States
• Authors: Yutaka Hirano, Tomohiro Itogawa, Keisuke Fujii,
• Abstract summary: We evaluate the spatial temporal overhead of two-level distillation implementations generating relatively high-fidelity magic states. We refine the second-level 15-to-1 implementation in it to capitalize on the small footprint of zero-level distillation.
• Score: 0.8009842832476994
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Magic state distillation plays an important role in universal fault-tolerant quantum computing, and its overhead is one of the major obstacles to realizing fault-tolerant quantum computers. Hence, many studies have been conducted to reduce this overhead. Among these, Litinski has provided a concrete assessment of resource-efficient distillation protocol implementations on the rotated surface code. On the other hand, recently, Itogawa et al. have proposed zero-level distillation, a distillation protocol offering very small spatial and temporal overhead to generate relatively low-fidelity magic states. While zero-level distillation offers preferable spatial and temporal overhead, it cannot directly generate high-fidelity magic states since it only reduces the logical error rate of the magic state quadratically. In this study, we evaluate the spatial and temporal overhead of two-level distillation implementations generating relatively high-fidelity magic states, including ones incorporating zero-level distillation. To this end, we introduce (0+1)-level distillation, a two-level distillation protocol which combines zero-level distillation and the 15-to-1 distillation protocol. We refine the second-level 15-to-1 implementation in it to capitalize on the small footprint of zero-level distillation. Under conditions of a physical error probability of $p_{\mathrm{phys}} = 10^{-4}$ ($10^{-3}$) and targeting an error rate for the magic state within $[5 \times 10^{-17}, 10^{-11}]$ ($[5 \times 10^{-11}, 10^{-8}]$), (0+1)-level distillation reduces the spatiotemporal overhead by more than 63% (61%) compared to the (15-to-1)$\times$(15-to-1) protocol and more than 43% (44%) compared to the (15-to-1)$\times$(20-to-4) protocol, offering a substantial efficiency gain over the traditional protocols.

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