Experimental demonstration of a fault-tolerant qubit encoded on a hyperfine-coupled qudit

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2405.20827v1
• Date: Fri, 31 May 2024 14:19:57 GMT
• Title: Experimental demonstration of a fault-tolerant qubit encoded on a hyperfine-coupled qudit
• Authors: Sumin Lim, Mikhail Vaganov, Junjie Liu, Arzhang Ardavan,
• Abstract summary: Protocols employing redundancy over multiple physical qubits to encode a single error-protected logical qubit are theoretically effective, but imply a large resource overhead. Proposals have emerged for exploiting high-spin magnetic nuclei coupled to condensed matter electron spin qubits to implement fault-tolerant memories. We implement the encoding using electron-nuclear double resonance within a subspace of the spin levels in an ensemble of highly coherent manganese defects in zinc oxide.
• Score: 4.720777561985926
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: The realization of effective quantum error correction protocols remains a central challenge in the development of scalable quantum computers. Protocols employing redundancy over multiple physical qubits to encode a single error-protected logical qubit are theoretically effective, but imply a large resource overhead. Alternative, more hardware-efficient, approaches seek to deploy higher-dimensional quantum systems known as qudits. Recently, proposals have emerged for exploiting high-spin magnetic nuclei coupled to condensed matter electron spin qubits to implement fault-tolerant memories. Here, we explore experimentally the simplest of these proposals, a logical qubit encoded on the four states of a I=3/2 nuclear spin hyperfine-coupled to a S=1/2 electron spin qubit; the encoding protects against the dominant decoherence mechanism in such systems, fluctuations of the quantizing magnetic field. We implement the encoding using electron-nuclear double resonance within a subspace of the spin levels in an ensemble of highly coherent manganese defects in zinc oxide. We explore the dynamics of the encoded state both under a controlled application of the fluctuation and under natural decoherence processes. Our results confirm the potential of these proposals for practical, implementable, fault tolerant quantum memories.

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