Measurement of microwave photon correlations at millikelvin with a thermal detector

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2407.05147v1
• Date: Sat, 6 Jul 2024 18:15:08 GMT
• Title: Measurement of microwave photon correlations at millikelvin with a thermal detector
• Authors: Aarne Keränen, Qi-Ming Chen, András Gunyhó, Priyank Singh, Jian Ma, Visa Vesterinen, Joonas Govenius, Mikko Möttönen,
• Abstract summary: Microwave photons are important carriers of quantum information in many promising platforms for quantum computing. We present a measurement technique with a nanobolometer that directly measures the photon statistics at millikelvin. This technique is poised to serve in fundamental tests of quantum mechanics with microwave photons and function as a scalable readout solution for a quantum information processor.
• Score: 1.4059056945010209
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Microwave photons are important carriers of quantum information in many promising platforms for quantum computing. They can be routinely generated, controlled, and teleported in experiments, indicating a variety of applications in quantum technology. However, observation of quantum statistical properties of microwave photons remains demanding: The energy of several microwave photons is considerably smaller than the thermal fluctuation of any room-temperature detector, while amplification necessarily induces noise. Here, we present a measurement technique with a nanobolometer that directly measures the photon statistics at millikelvin and overcomes this trade-off. We apply our method to thermal states generated by a blackbody radiator operating in the regime of circuit quantum electrodynamics. We demonstrate the photon number resolvedness of the nanobolometer, and reveal the n(n+1)-scaling law of the photon number variance as indicated by the Bose--Einstein distribution. By engineering the coherent and incoherent proportions of the input field, we observe the transition between super-Poissonian and Poissonian statistics of the microwave photons from the bolometric second-order correlation measurement. This technique is poised to serve in fundamental tests of quantum mechanics with microwave photons and function as a scalable readout solution for a quantum information processor.

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