Universal efficiency boost in prethermal quantum heat engines

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2504.02044v1
• Date: Wed, 02 Apr 2025 18:04:22 GMT
• Title: Universal efficiency boost in prethermal quantum heat engines
• Authors: Alberto Brollo, Adolfo del Campo, Alvise Bastianello,
• Abstract summary: Heat engines near the adiabatic limit assume a working medium at thermal equilibrium.<n>Conservation laws that hinder thermalization lead to prethermalization in exotic stationary phases.<n>We find that additional conservation laws reduce efficiency at positive temperatures, but enhance it in regimes of negative temperatures.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Heat engines near the adiabatic limit typically assume a working medium at thermal equilibrium. However, quantum many-body systems often showcase conservation laws that hinder thermalization, leading to prethermalization in exotic stationary phases. This work explores whether prethermalization enhances or reduces engine efficiency. We investigate Otto cycles in quantum systems with varying numbers of conserved quantities. We find that additional conservation laws reduce efficiency at positive temperatures, but enhance it in regimes of negative temperatures. Our findings stem from general thermodynamic inequalities for infinitesimal cycles, and we provide evidence for integrable models undergoing finite cycles using the theoretical framework of Generalized Hydrodynamics. The relevance of our results for quantum simulators is also discussed.

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