On the Wasserstein Geodesic Principal Component Analysis of probability measures

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04480v1
• Date: Wed, 04 Jun 2025 22:00:43 GMT
• Title: On the Wasserstein Geodesic Principal Component Analysis of probability measures
• Authors: Nina Vesseron, Elsa Cazelles, Alice Le Brigant, Thierry Klein,
• Abstract summary: The goal is to identify geodesic curves in the space of probability measures that best capture the modes of variation of the underlying dataset.<n>We first address the case of a collection of Gaussian distributions, and show how to lift the computations in the space of invertible linear maps.<n>For the more general setting of absolutely continuous probability measures, we leverage a novel approach to parameterizing geodesics in Wasserstein space with neural networks.
• Score: 1.2999518604217852
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: This paper focuses on Geodesic Principal Component Analysis (GPCA) on a collection of probability distributions using the Otto-Wasserstein geometry. The goal is to identify geodesic curves in the space of probability measures that best capture the modes of variation of the underlying dataset. We first address the case of a collection of Gaussian distributions, and show how to lift the computations in the space of invertible linear maps. For the more general setting of absolutely continuous probability measures, we leverage a novel approach to parameterizing geodesics in Wasserstein space with neural networks. Finally, we compare to classical tangent PCA through various examples and provide illustrations on real-world datasets.

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