Temporal Entanglement and Witnesses of Non-Classicality

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15474v1
• Date: Wed, 18 Jun 2025 14:05:48 GMT
• Title: Temporal Entanglement and Witnesses of Non-Classicality
• Authors: Giuseppe Di Pietra, Gaurav Bhole, James Eaton, Andrew J. Baldwin, Jonathan A. Jones, Vlatko Vedral, Chiara Marletto,
• Abstract summary: We connect recently proposed witnesses of non-classicality, based on information-theoretic ideas, with the theory of temporal entanglement.<n>We provide a protocol to witness the non-classicality of a system by probing it with a qubit.<n>We show that, assuming a general conservation law, violating temporal Bell inequalities on the qubit probe implies the non-classicality of the system under investigation.
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: The universality of quantum theory has been questioned ever since it was proposed. Key to this long-unsolved question is to test whether a given physical system has non-classical features. Here we connect recently proposed witnesses of non-classicality, based on information-theoretic ideas, with the theory of temporal entanglement. We provide a protocol to witness the non-classicality of a system by probing it with a qubit: we show that, assuming a general conservation law, violating temporal Bell inequalities on the qubit probe implies the non-classicality of the system under investigation. We also perform proof-of-principle experimental emulations of the proposed witness of non-classicality, using a three qubit Nuclear Magnetic Resonance quantum computer. Our result is robust, as it relies on minimal assumptions, and remarkably it can be applied in a broad range of contexts, from quantum biology to quantum gravity.

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