Hybrid quantum-classical analog simulation of two-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard models with neutral atoms

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05897v1
• Date: Tue, 07 Oct 2025 13:06:41 GMT
• Title: Hybrid quantum-classical analog simulation of two-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard models with neutral atoms
• Authors: Sergi Julià-Farré, Antoine Michel, Christophe Domain, Joseph Mikael, Jacques-Charles Lafoucriere, Joseph Vovrosh, Ahmed Chahlaoui, Dorian Claveau, Guillaume Villaret, Julius de Hond, Loïc Henriet, Antoine Browaeys, Thomas Ayral, Alexandre Dauphin,
• Abstract summary: We experimentally study the two-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model using a Rydberg-based quantum processing unit in the analog mode.<n>Our approach avoids encoding directly the original fermions into qubits.<n>We then introduce the auxiliary spin solver.
• Score: 28.672618404356474
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: We experimentally study the two-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model using a Rydberg-based quantum processing unit in the analog mode. Our approach avoids encoding directly the original fermions into qubits and instead relies on reformulating the original model onto a system of fermions coupled to spins and then decoupling them in a self-consistent manner. We then introduce the auxiliary spin solver: this hybrid quantum-classical algorithm handles a free-fermion problem, which can be solved efficiently with a few classical resources, and an interacting spin problem, which can be naturally encoded in the analog quantum computer. This algorithm can be used to study both the equilibrium Mott transition as well as non-equilibrium properties of the original Fermi-Hubbard model, highlighting the potential of quantum-classical hybrid approaches to study strongly correlated matter.

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