Free-space quantum interface of a single atomic tweezer array with light

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.23398v1
• Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 14:56:22 GMT
• Title: Free-space quantum interface of a single atomic tweezer array with light
• Authors: Yakov Solomons, Roni Ben-Maimon, Arpit Behera, Ofer Firstenberg, Nir Davidson, Ephraim Shahmoon,
• Abstract summary: We present a practical approach for interfacing light with a two-dimensional atomic tweezer array.<n>We propose to design a field mode that naturally couples to the array.<n>It consists of a unique superposition of multiple beams corresponding to the array's diffraction orders.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: We present a practical approach for interfacing light with a two-dimensional atomic tweezer array. Typical paraxial fields are poorly matched to the array's multi-diffraction-order radiation pattern, thus severely limiting the interface coupling efficiency. Instead, we propose to design a field mode that naturally couples to the array: it consists of a unique superposition of multiple beams corresponding to the array's diffraction orders. This composite mode can be generated from a single Gaussian beam using standard free-space optics, including spatial light modulators and a single objective lens. For a triangular array with lattice spacing about twice the wavelength, all diffraction angles remain below 35 degrees, making the scheme compatible with standard objectives of numerical aperture NA <= 0.7. Our analytical theory and scattering simulations reveal that the interface efficiency r0 for quantum information tasks scales favorably with the array atom number N: reaching >0.99 (>0.9999) for N = 149 (N approximately 1000) and scaling as 1 - r0 scales as 1/N for large N. The scheme is robust to optical imperfections and atomic-position errors, offering a viable path for quantum light-matter applications and state readout in current tweezer-array platforms.

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