Digital-Analog-Digital Quantum Supremacy

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.07127v1
• Date: Mon, 08 Dec 2025 03:23:36 GMT
• Title: Digital-Analog-Digital Quantum Supremacy
• Authors: Daniel Lidar,
• Abstract summary: We introduce a quantum-supremacy framework for a hybrid digital-analog-digital quantum computing model.<n>Results imply that quantum-supremacy tests are possible on today's quantum annealers.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Quantum supremacy has been explored extensively in gate-model settings. Here, we introduce a quantum-supremacy framework for a hybrid digital-analog-digital quantum computing (DADQC) model. We consider a device that applies an initial layer of single-qubit gates, a single transverse-field Ising analog block, and a final single-qubit layer before $Z$-basis readout. The analog block approximates $Z$-diagonal Ising evolution, and we prove that the resulting output distribution is within constant total-variation (TV) distance of an Instantaneous Quantum Polynomial-time (IQP) circuit. Our bounds and constructions are established for fully connected as well as bounded-degree hardware graphs, matching a variety of architectures, including trapped-ion, neutral atom, and superconducting platforms. Assuming anticoncentration (which we prove for all-to-all hardware graphs and conjecture for bounded-degree hardware graphs) and an average-case hardness conjecture for the associated complex-temperature Ising partition functions, standard reductions imply that any efficient classical sampler achieving constant TV error collapses the polynomial hierarchy. Our results imply that quantum-supremacy tests are possible on today's quantum annealers, as well as other devices capable of hybrid digital-analog quantum evolution.

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