Universal Characterization of Quantum Vacuum Measurement Engines

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.03706v1
• Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2026 16:27:24 GMT
• Title: Universal Characterization of Quantum Vacuum Measurement Engines
• Authors: Robert Czupryniak, Bibek Bhandari, Paolo Andrea Erdman, Andrew N Jordan,
• Abstract summary: We develop a theory of quantum vacuum measurement engines by introducing the quantum vacuum bending function (QVBF)<n>We show that all thermodynamic observables, including work and efficiency, are governed solely by the shape of the ground-state energy landscape encoded in the QVBF.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Quantum measurements can inject energy into quantum systems, enabling engines whose operation is powered entirely by measurements. We develop a general theory of quantum vacuum measurement engines by introducing the quantum vacuum bending function (QVBF), a quantity that characterizes the lowering of the ground-state energy due to interactions. We show that all thermodynamic observables, including work and efficiency, are governed solely by the shape of the ground-state energy landscape encoded in the QVBF, regardless of microscopic details. We further demonstrate that work fluctuations are defined by the curvature of QVBF modulated by a model-dependent quantity, and are constrained by a generalized quantum fluctuation relation that involves the interplay between quantum Fisher information and the ground-state energy landscape. Exactly solvable models and numerical simulations of single and many-body systems confirm the theory and illustrate how the QVBF alone determines the performance of quantum vacuum measurement engines.

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