Gate-based Readout and Cooling of Neutral Atoms

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.21643v1
• Date: Mon, 23 Mar 2026 07:24:26 GMT
• Title: Gate-based Readout and Cooling of Neutral Atoms
• Abstract summary: We introduce a comprehensive ancilla-based toolbox for optical tweezer experiments.<n>First, we demonstrate repeated ancilla-based atom readout, achieving improved detection fidelity over multiple rounds.<n>Second, leveraging the quantized motional states in tweezer-trapped strontium atoms, we transduce quantum information from the electronic to the motional manifold.<n>Third, we demonstrate algorithmic cooling, a circuit-based sequence that deterministically cools data atoms by transferring their motional entropy to the electronic states of ancilla atoms.
• Score: 0.08796261172196741
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Neutral atom arrays have seen tremendous progress in quantum simulation, quantum metrology, and fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, hardware constraints such as atom loss and heating remain significant challenges. In this work, we introduce a comprehensive ancilla-based toolbox for optical tweezer experiments that utilizes high-fidelity Rydberg entangling gates and ancilla atoms to mitigate these physical limitations. First, we demonstrate repeated ancilla-based atom readout, achieving improved detection fidelity over multiple rounds with minimal perturbation to data atoms. Second, leveraging the quantized motional states in tweezer-trapped strontium atoms, we transduce quantum information from the electronic to the motional manifold. This enables us to perform mid-circuit ancilla-based atom loss detection in a coherence-preserving fashion. Finally, we demonstrate algorithmic cooling, a circuit-based sequence that deterministically cools data atoms by transferring their motional entropy to the electronic states of ancilla atoms. We observe a marked reduction in the atomic temperature of data atoms. These tools offer a pathway to continuous operation in tweezer clocks and complement recent developments in continuous reloading experiments.

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