BCS-BEC crossover of atomic Fermi superfluid in a spherical bubble trap

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2110.09496v3
• Date: Sun, 13 Mar 2022 18:28:33 GMT
• Title: BCS-BEC crossover of atomic Fermi superfluid in a spherical bubble trap
• Authors: Yan He, Hao Guo, and Chih-Chun Chien
• Abstract summary: We present a two-component atomic Fermi gas with tunable attractive contact interactions on a spherical shell going through the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) - Bose Einstein condensation (BEC) crossover. The curvature-induced BCS-BEC crossover is made possible by fixing the particle number and interaction strength while shrinking the sphere. The saturation of the superfluid density further confirms the ground state is a Fermi superfluid.
• Score: 3.7061073619355693
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We present a theory of a two-component atomic Fermi gas with tunable attractive contact interactions on a spherical shell going through the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) - Bose Einstein condensation (BEC) crossover, inspired by the realizations of spherical bubble traps for ultracold atoms in microgravity. The derivation follows the BCS-Leggett theory to obtain the gap and number equations. The BCS-BEC crossover can be induced by tuning the interaction, and the properly normalized gap and chemical potential exhibit universal behavior regardless of the planar or spherical geometry. Nevertheless, the spherical-shell geometry introduces another way of inducing the crossover by the curvature. The curvature-induced BCS-BEC crossover is made possible by fixing the particle number and interaction strength while shrinking the sphere, causing a reduction to the ratio of the pairing and kinetic energies and pushing the system towards the BCS limit. The saturation of the superfluid density further confirms the ground state is a Fermi superfluid.

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