Quantum topology in the ultrastrong coupling regime
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2207.04952v1
- Date: Mon, 11 Jul 2022 15:35:45 GMT
- Title: Quantum topology in the ultrastrong coupling regime
- Authors: C. A. Downing and A. J. Toghill
- Abstract summary: We show how the delicate interplay between ultrastrong coupling and topological states manifests in a one-dimensional array.
We uncover unusual topological edge states, we introduce a flavour of topological state which we call an anti-edge state, and we reveal the remarkable geometric-dependent renormalizations of the quantum vaccum.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: The coupling between two or more objects can generally be categorized as
strong or weak. In cavity quantum electrodynamics for example, when the
coupling strength is larger than the loss rate the coupling is termed strong,
and otherwise it is dubbed weak. Ultrastrong coupling, where the interaction
energy is of the same order of magnitude as the bare energies of the uncoupled
objects, presents a new paradigm for quantum physics and beyond. As a
consequence profound changes to well established phenomena occur, for instance
the ground state in an ultrastrongly coupled system is not empty but hosts
virtual excitations due to the existence of processes which do not conserve the
total number of excitations. The implications of ultrastrong coupling for
quantum topological systems, where the number of excitations are typically
conserved, remain largely unknown despite the great utility of topological
matter. Here we reveal how the delicate interplay between ultrastrong coupling
and topological states manifests in a one-dimensional array. We study
theoretically a dimerized chain of twolevel systems within the ultrastrong
coupling regime, where the combined saturation and counter-rotating terms in
the Hamiltonian are shown to play pivotal roles in the rich, multi-excitation
effective bandstructure. In particular, we uncover unusual topological edge
states, we introduce a flavour of topological state which we call an anti-edge
state, and we reveal the remarkable geometric-dependent renormalizations of the
quantum vaccum. Taken together, our results provide a route map for
experimentalists to characterize and explore a prototypical system in the
emerging field of ultrastrong quantum topology.
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