Cavity-Mediated Collective Momentum-Exchange Interactions

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.01411v1
• Date: Mon, 3 Apr 2023 23:12:58 GMT
• Title: Cavity-Mediated Collective Momentum-Exchange Interactions
• Authors: Chengyi Luo, Haoqing Zhang, Vanessa P. W. Koh, John D. Wilson, Anjun Chu, Murray J. Holland, Ana Maria Rey, and James K. Thompson
• Abstract summary: We realize for the first time momentum-exchange interactions in which atoms exchange their momentum states via collective emission and absorption of photons from a common cavity mode. The momentum-exchange interaction leads to an observed all-to-all Ising-like interaction in a matter-wave interferometer, which is useful for entanglement generation.
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Quantum simulation and sensing hold great promise for providing new insights into nature, from understanding complex interacting systems to searching for undiscovered physics. Large ensembles of laser-cooled atoms interacting via infinite-range photon mediated interactions are a powerful platform for both endeavours. Here, we realize for the first time momentum-exchange interactions in which atoms exchange their momentum states via collective emission and absorption of photons from a common cavity mode. The momentum-exchange interaction leads to an observed all-to-all Ising-like interaction in a matter-wave interferometer, which is useful for entanglement generation. A many-body energy gap also emerges, effectively binding interferometer matter-wave packets together to suppress Doppler dephasing, akin to M\"ossbauer spectroscopy. The tunable momentum-exchange interaction provides a new capability for quantum interaction-enhanced matter-wave interferometry and for realizing exotic behaviors including simulations of superconductors and dynamical gauge fields.

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