Scalable Atomic Arrays for Spin-Based Quantum Computers in Silicon

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.09626v1
• Date: Mon, 18 Sep 2023 09:56:50 GMT
• Title: Scalable Atomic Arrays for Spin-Based Quantum Computers in Silicon
• Authors: Alexander M. Jakob (1), Simon G. Robson (1), Hannes R. Firgau (2), Vincent Mourik (2), Vivien Schmitt (2), Danielle Holmes (2), Matthias Posselt (3), Edwin L.H. Mayes (4), Daniel Spemann (5), Andrea Morello (2), David N. Jamieson (1) ((1) CQC2T, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Australia, (2) CQC2T, School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, UNSW Sydney, Australia, (3) Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Germany, (4) RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, RMIT University, Australia, (5) Leibniz-Institut f\"ur Oberfl\"achenmodifizierung e.V., Germany)
• Abstract summary: We demonstrate and integrate multiple strategies to manufacture scale-up donor-based quantum computers. We use $31$PF_2$ molecule implants to triple the placement certainty compared to $31$P ions. Similar confidence is retained by implanting heavier atoms such as $123$Sb and $209$Bi.
• Score: 25.271311916546793
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Semiconductor spin qubits combine excellent quantum performance with the prospect of manufacturing quantum devices using industry-standard metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) processes. This applies also to ion-implanted donor spins, which further afford exceptional coherence times and large Hilbert space dimension in their nuclear spin. Here we demonstrate and integrate multiple strategies to manufacture scale-up donor-based quantum computers. We use $^{31}$PF$_{2}$ molecule implants to triple the placement certainty compared to $^{31}$P ions, while attaining 99.99$\,$% confidence in detecting the implant. Similar confidence is retained by implanting heavier atoms such as $^{123}$Sb and $^{209}$Bi, which represent high-dimensional qudits for quantum information processing, while Sb$_2$ molecules enable deterministic formation of closely-spaced qudits. We demonstrate the deterministic formation of regular arrays of donor atoms with 300$\,$nm spacing, using step-and-repeat implantation through a nano aperture. These methods cover the full gamut of technological requirements for the construction of donor-based quantum computers in silicon.

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