Intensity product-based optical sensing to beat the diffraction limit in an interferometer
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2403.13029v2
- Date: Tue, 28 May 2024 09:29:07 GMT
- Title: Intensity product-based optical sensing to beat the diffraction limit in an interferometer
- Authors: Byoung S. Ham,
- Abstract summary: In a typical interferometer, the resolution remains in the diffraction limit of the K=1 case unless the interfering photons are resolved as in quantum sensing.
Here, a projection-measurement method in quantum sensing is adapted for an interferometer to achieve an additional square root K gain in resolution.
For the projection measurement, the interference fringe of an interferometer can be Kth-powered to replace the Kth-order intensity product.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: The classically defined minimum uncertainty of the optical phase is known as the standard quantum limit or shot-noise limit (SNL) originating in the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics. Based on SNL, the phase sensitivity is inversely proportional to the square root K, where K is the number of interfering photons or statistically measured events. Thus, using a high-power laser is advantageous to enhance sensitivity due to the square root K gain in the signal-to-noise ratio. In a typical interferometer, however, the resolution remains in the diffraction limit of the K=1 case unless the interfering photons are resolved as in quantum sensing. Here, a projection-measurement method in quantum sensing is adapted for an interferometer to achieve an additional square root K gain in resolution. For the projection measurement, the interference fringe of an interferometer can be Kth-powered to replace the Kth-order intensity product. To understand many-wave interference-caused enhanced resolution, several types of interferometers are numerically compared to draw corresponding resolution parameters. As a result, the achieved resolution by the Kth power to an N-slit interferometer exceeds the diffraction limit and the Heisenberg limit in quantum sensing.
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