Observation of disorder-free localization using a (2+1)D lattice gauge theory on a quantum processor

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2410.06557v2
• Date: Sun, 06 Jul 2025 12:20:32 GMT
• Title: Observation of disorder-free localization using a (2+1)D lattice gauge theory on a quantum processor
• Abstract summary: Disorder-induced phenomena in quantum many-body systems pose significant challenges for analytical methods and numerical simulations.<n>We investigate quantum circuits in tunable states to superpositions over all disorder configurations.
• Score: 118.01172048932149
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Disorder-induced phenomena in quantum many-body systems pose significant challenges for analytical methods and numerical simulations at relevant time and system scales. To reduce the cost of disorder-sampling, we investigate quantum circuits initialized in states tunable to superpositions over all disorder configurations. In a translationally-invariant lattice gauge theory (LGT), these states can be interpreted as a superposition over gauge sectors. We observe localization in this LGT in the absence of disorder in one and two dimensions: perturbations fail to diffuse despite fully disorder-free evolution and initial states. However, R\'enyi entropy measurements reveal that superposition-prepared states fundamentally differ from those obtained by direct disorder sampling. Leveraging superposition, we propose an algorithm with a polynomial speedup in sampling disorder configurations, a longstanding challenge in many-body localization studies.

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