GlaGAN: A Generative Unsupervised Model for High-Precision Segmentation of Retinal Main Vessels toward Early Detection of Glaucoma

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2503.06743v4
• Date: Mon, 07 Jul 2025 06:21:37 GMT
• Title: GlaGAN: A Generative Unsupervised Model for High-Precision Segmentation of Retinal Main Vessels toward Early Detection of Glaucoma
• Authors: Cheng Huang, Weizheng Xie, Tsengdar J. Lee, Jui-Kai Wang, Karanjit Kooner, Ning Zhang, Jia Zhang,
• Abstract summary: Structural changes in the main retinal blood vessels are critical biomarkers for glaucoma onset and progression.<n>This paper introduces GlaGAN, an unsupervised generative AI model for segmenting main blood vessels in OCTA images.<n>We also present GSS-RetVein, a high-definition mixed 2D/3D glaucoma retinal dataset featuring clear capillary structures.
• Score: 10.63014354535366
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Structural changes in the main retinal blood vessels are critical biomarkers for glaucoma onset and progression. Identifying these vessels is essential for vascular modeling yet highly challenging. This paper introduces GlaGAN, an unsupervised generative AI model for segmenting main blood vessels in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) images. The process begins with the Space Colonization Algorithm (SCA) to rapidly generate vessel skeletons, including radius estimations. By synergistically integrating generative adversarial networks (GANs) with biostatistical modeling of vessel radii, GlaGAN efficiently reconstructs 2D and 3D representations, achieving nearly 100\% segmentation accuracy without requiring labeled data or high-performance computing resources. To address data scarcity, we also present GSS-RetVein, a high-definition mixed 2D/3D glaucoma retinal dataset featuring clear capillary structures. Designed for robustness testing, GSS-RetVein incorporates controlled noise while maintaining sharp capillary boundaries in 2D and enhancing 3D vascular reconstruction for blood flow prediction and glaucoma progression simulations. Experimental results demonstrate GSS-RetVein outperforms existing datasets in evaluating main vessel segmentation. Code and dataset are available: https://github.com/VikiXie/SatMar8.

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