Characterizing Many-body Dynamics with Projected Ensembles on a Superconducting Quantum Processor
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21061v1
- Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2025 07:19:48 GMT
- Title: Characterizing Many-body Dynamics with Projected Ensembles on a Superconducting Quantum Processor
- Authors: Zhiguang Yan, Zi-Yong Ge, Rui Li, Yu-Ran Zhang, Franco Nori, Yasunobu Nakamura,
- Abstract summary: We experimentally investigate a chaotic quantum many-body system using projected ensembles on a superconducting processor with 16 qubits on a square lattice.<n>Our results provide direct evidence of deep thermalization by observing a Haar-distributed projected ensemble for the steady states within a charge-conserved sector.<n>Our work paves the way for studying quantum many-body dynamics using projected ensembles and shows a potential implication for advancing quantum simulation techniques.
- Score: 1.4426921903884633
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: Quantum simulators offer a new opportunity for the experimental exploration of non-equilibrium quantum many-body dynamics, which have traditionally been characterized through expectation values or entanglement measures, based on density matrices of the system. Recently, a more general framework for studying quantum many-body systems based on projected ensembles has been introduced, revealing novel quantum phenomena, such as deep thermalization in chaotic systems. Here, we experimentally investigate a chaotic quantum many-body system using projected ensembles on a superconducting processor with 16 qubits on a square lattice. Our results provide direct evidence of deep thermalization by observing a Haar-distributed projected ensemble for the steady states within a charge-conserved sector. Moreover, by introducing an ensemble-averaged entropy as a metric, we establish a benchmark for many-body information leakage from the system to its environment. Our work paves the way for studying quantum many-body dynamics using projected ensembles and shows a potential implication for advancing quantum simulation techniques.
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