Exponentially accelerated relaxation and quantum Mpemba effect in open quantum systems

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.07561v1
• Date: Mon, 08 Dec 2025 13:53:38 GMT
• Title: Exponentially accelerated relaxation and quantum Mpemba effect in open quantum systems
• Authors: Emerson Lima Caldas, Diego Paiva Pires,
• Abstract summary: We investigate the quantum Mpemba effect in the relaxation of open quantum systems.<n>We prove that, for any initial state, there always exists a permutation matrix that maximizes its distance from the equilibrium.<n>Our results provide a universal and versatile framework to engineer the genuine quantum Mpemba effect in open quantum systems.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We investigate the quantum Mpemba effect in the relaxation of open quantum systems whose effective dynamics is described by Davies maps. We present a class of unitary transformations based on permutation matrices that, acting on the initial state of the system, (i) suppress the contribution of slowest decaying modes of the nonunitary dynamics; (ii) ensure that it is as distinguishable as possible from the steady state. The first requirement guarantees an exponentially accelerating convergence to the steady state, while the second implies that a quantum system initially farther from equilibrium approaches it more rapidly than an initial state closer to it. This protocol provides a genuine Mpemba effect, and its numerical simulation requires low computational effort. We prove that, for any initial state, there always exists a permutation matrix that maximizes its distance from the equilibrium for a given information-theoretic distinguishability measure. We illustrate our findings for the nonunitary dynamics of the transverse field Ising chain and XXZ chain, each weakly coupled to a bosonic thermal bath, showing the quantum Mpemba effect captured by the Hilbert-Schmidt distance, quantum relative entropy, and trace distance. Our results provide a universal and versatile framework to engineer the genuine quantum Mpemba effect in open quantum systems.

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