Quasi-probabilities of work and heat in an open quantum system
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2110.05768v1
- Date: Tue, 12 Oct 2021 06:55:39 GMT
- Title: Quasi-probabilities of work and heat in an open quantum system
- Authors: Paolo Solinas, Mirko Amico and Nino N. Zangh\`i
- Abstract summary: We discuss an approach to determine averages of the work, dissipated heat and variation of internal energy of an open quantum system driven by an external classical field.
We obtain a quasi-characteristic function and a quasi-probability density function for the corresponding observables.
We use this feature to show that in the limit of strong dissipation, the quantum features vanish and interpret this as the emergence of the classical limit of the energy exchange process.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: We discuss an approach to determine averages of the work, dissipated heat and
variation of internal energy of an open quantum system driven by an external
classical field. These quantities are measured by coupling the quantum system
to a quantum detector at different times. This approach allows us to preserve
the full quantum features of the evolution. From the measured phase, we are
able to obtain a quasi-characteristic function and a quasi-probability density
function for the corresponding observables. Despite the fact that these
quasi-probability density functions are not the results of direct measurements,
they reproduce the expected value of the physical quantities. Analogously to
the Wigner function, the negative regions of these quasi-probability density
functions are directly related to pure quantum processes which are not
interpretable in classical terms. We use this feature to show that in the limit
of strong dissipation, the quantum features vanish and interpret this as the
emergence of the classical limit of the energy exchange process. Our analysis
explains and confirms the behavior observed in recent experiments performed on
IBMQ devices [1]. The possibility to discriminate between classical and quantum
features makes the proposed approach an excellent tool to determine if, and in
which conditions, quantum effects can be exploited to increase the efficiency
in an energy exchange process at the quantum level.
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