Observable Thermalization: Theory, Numerical and Analytical Evidence
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.15173v1
- Date: Tue, 26 Sep 2023 18:18:39 GMT
- Title: Observable Thermalization: Theory, Numerical and Analytical Evidence
- Authors: Lodovico Scarpa, Fabio Anza, Vlatko Vedral
- Abstract summary: We propose a framework for characterizing observables that thermalize in isolated quantum systems.
We provide the most general solution to the problem and numerically verify some predictions.
Our results mark significant progress towards a fully predictive theory of thermalization in isolated quantum systems.
- Score: 0.0
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: Predicting whether an observable will dynamically evolve to thermal
equilibrium in an isolated quantum system is an important open problem, as it
determines the applicability of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. The
Observable Thermalization framework has been proposed as a solution,
characterizing observables that thermalize using an observable-specific maximum
entropy principle. In this paper, we achieve three results. First, we confirm
the dynamical relaxation of local observables towards maximum entropy, in a 1D
Ising chain. Second, we provide the most general solution to the maximization
problem and numerically verify some general predictions about equilibrium
behavior in the same model. Third, we explore the emergence and physical
meaning of an observable-specific notion of energy. Our results mark
significant progress towards a fully predictive theory of thermalization in
isolated quantum systems and open interesting questions about
observable-specific thermodynamic quantities.
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