Noise-induced phase transitions in hybrid quantum circuits

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2401.16631v1
• Date: Tue, 30 Jan 2024 00:03:56 GMT
• Title: Noise-induced phase transitions in hybrid quantum circuits
• Authors: Shuo Liu, Ming-Rui Li, Shi-Xin Zhang, Shao-Kai Jian, and Hong Yao
• Abstract summary: In this Letter, we investigate the effects of quantum noises on quantum hybrid circuits. We identify a noise-induced entanglement phase transition from a volume law to a power (area) law in the presence of measurements. We also discuss the differences between the effect of size-dependent noise and the boundary noise in the phase transitions.
• Score: 3.625262223613696
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: The presence of quantum noises inherent to real physical systems can strongly impact the physics in quantum hybrid circuits with local random unitaries and mid-circuit measurements. For example, an infinitesimal size-independent noise probability can lead to the disappearance of measurement-induced entanglement phase transition and the emergence of a single area-law phase. In this Letter, we investigate the effects of quantum noises with size-dependent probabilities $q=p/L^{\alpha}$ where $\alpha$ represents the scaling exponent. We have identified a noise-induced entanglement phase transition from a volume law to a power (area) law in the presence (absence) of measurements as $p$ increases when $\alpha=1.0$. With the help of an effective statistical model, we find that this transition is a first-order phase transition and shares the same analytical understanding as the noise-induced coding transition. We also discuss the differences between the effect of size-dependent noise and the boundary noise in the phase transitions. We validate our analytical predictions with extensive numerical results from stabilizer circuit simulations.

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