Overcoming user-rate limit of quantum network

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2503.04399v1
• Date: Thu, 06 Mar 2025 12:53:58 GMT
• Title: Overcoming user-rate limit of quantum network
• Authors: Yuehan Xu, Qijun Zhang, Junpeng Zhang, Xiaojuan Liao, Ziyi Shen, Xu Liu, Beibei Zhang, Zicong Tan, Zehao Zhou, Jisheng Dai, Xueqin Jiang, Peng Huang, Tao Wang, Guihua Zeng,
• Abstract summary: We develop a quantum network architecture in which the information capacity per user-channel is independent of the network capacity.<n>This achievement overcomes the user-rate limit of quantum network, which is the keystone for the development of the quantum internet.
• Score: 10.521337944579757
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Quantum networks revolutionize the way of information transmission and are an essential step in building a quantum internet. Generally, the information capacity per user-channel in a quantum network drastically decreases with the increase of network capacity, making it difficultly scale to large-user scenarios. To break this limit, we develop a quantum network architecture in which the information capacity per user-channel is independent of the network capacity (NCI-QN), and all previous quantum networks can be regarded as special examples. Three aspects are investigated. Firstly, a quantum network scheme formulated in a comprehensive multi-mode time-frequency representation is presented. Then, information characteristics of the proposed quantum network are delineated by expanding the well-known Pirandola-Laurenza-Ottaviani-Banchi (PLOB) bound and the Holevo bound from the linear combination of point-to-point links to a complex network architecture, demonstrating clear proofs of the network capacity independence. Finally, a practical NCI-QN with a network capacity of 19 is experimentally demonstrated using optical frequency comb in quantum key distribution network scenarios, in which the security under the asymptotic case, finite-size effect, composable security, and composable finite-size security are verified, with a secret key rate up to 8.75 Gbps. This achievement overcomes the user-rate limit of quantum network, which is the keystone for the development of the quantum internet.

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