Experimental preparation of W states through many-body physics on a quantum simulator

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.17974v1
• Date: Mon, 20 Oct 2025 18:00:07 GMT
• Title: Experimental preparation of W states through many-body physics on a quantum simulator
• Authors: Alberto Giuseppe Catalano, Ceren Dağ, Gianpaolo Torre, Salvatore Marco Giampaolo, Fabio Franchini,
• Abstract summary: $W$ states are quantum correlated states possessing both bipartite and multipartite entanglement.<n>We propose a protocol to generate these states by exploiting it topological ring frustration'<n>We successfully generate many-body $W$ states of Rubidium atoms on a programmable Rydberg atom array up to 11 qubits.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: $W$ states are quantum correlated states possessing both bipartite and multipartite entanglement, which makes them useful for several quantum algorithms. We propose a protocol to generate these states by exploiting {\it topological ring frustration}, and implement it on a programmable Rydberg atom array up to 11 qubits, successfully generating many-body $W$ states of Rubidium atoms. Numerical simulations show promising scaling of the algorithm to tens of qubits with near-term achievable updates on the quantum machines. To validate our state preparation protocol and probe quantum entanglement, we devise a fidelity estimator that requires only two sets of measurements. To implement it, we develop a novel and efficient Bayesian state-tomography approach that takes advantage of accurate classical numerical simulations to overcome limitations in the experimental setup. Hence, a lower bound fidelity of around $77\%$ is certified for the experimentally prepared state of 11 qubits. This work provides a state-of-the-art procedure to generate high-quality quantum entangled $W$ states, demonstrating once more how principles of physics can overcome traditional barriers of computation, and be exploited for quantum advantage.

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