Quantifying the Energy Relaxation Rate of Quantum States Using D-Wave Device and the Discovery of Long-Lived Multiqubit States

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.10486v2
• Date: Tue, 15 Jul 2025 03:57:10 GMT
• Title: Quantifying the Energy Relaxation Rate of Quantum States Using D-Wave Device and the Discovery of Long-Lived Multiqubit States
• Authors: Takashi Imoto, Yuki Susa, Ryoji Miyazaki, Yuichiro Matsuzaki,
• Abstract summary: We measure the energy relaxation rate of superconducting qubits and find long-lived multi-qubit states.<n>We find that the decay rate of the excited states of such a system with four qubits is orders of magnitude smaller than that of the excited state of a single qubit.<n>By using such a mechanism, we theoretically predict a long-lived entangled state whose energy relaxation rate is smaller than that of the separable states.
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Quantum annealing has been demonstrated with superconducting qubits. Such a quantum annealer has been used to solve combinatorial optimization problems. Moreover, it serves as a quantum simulator for investigating the properties of quantum many-body systems. However, the coherence properties of multi-qubit states provided by D-Wave Quantum Inc. have not been explored sufficiently. Here, using the D-Wave device, we measure the energy relaxation rate of superconducting qubits and find long-lived multi-qubit states. Specifically, we investigate the energy relaxation rate of the first excited states of a fully connected Ising model with a transverse field. We find that the decay rate of the excited states of such a system with four qubits is orders of magnitude smaller than that of the excited state of a single qubit, which demonstrates the existence of long-lived multi-qubit states. We elucidate the mechanism using an independent decoherence model that qualitatively describes the phenomenon. In addition, by using such a mechanism, we theoretically predict a long-lived entangled state whose energy relaxation rate is smaller than that of the separable states.

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